Course

O Level Chemistry: Matter, Bonding and the Mole (5070)

Name: O Level Chemistry: Matter, Bonding and the Mole (5070)
Price: 1499 BDT

5070 topics 1 to 3, organised as four connected learning blocks. Matter is particles; structure explains properties; formulae and the mole make particles measurable.

56 lessons5h 8mEnglish

What you'll learn

Explain a change of state, diffusion or dissolving by what the particles are doing, which is what the explain marks are for
Choose the separation method a mixture actually needs, and say why the other methods fail on it
Work out the electron arrangement of an atom, then read its group and period off that arrangement
Predict melting point, hardness and conduction from the structure rather than recalling them per substance
Balance an equation, then use the mole to get from a mass of reactant to a mass of product
Set out concentration, yield and gas volume calculations the way Paper 2 expects them

Requirements

Class 8 general science: element, compound and mixture as words you have already met
Comfortable with fractions, decimals, percentages and ratio
Able to rearrange a simple formula, since every mole calculation is one rearrangement
Able to read a value off a graph, such as the flat part of a heating curve
A periodic table and a calculator beside you

Course content

56 lessons · 5h 8m

1.1-1.2, 12.2-12.3 · The particulate nature of matter, and separating mixtures

Matter is particles, and every state, change of state and separation method is a statement about how those particles are arranged and how fast they move. Ends on the salt pans of the coast, where evaporation and crystallisation do the work.

0/13

Ink spreads with nobody stirring it

Predict what carried the colour, then meet diffusion and the particle model.

Preview5m 2.

Temperature measures how fast particles move

Sugar vanishes in hot tea and lingers in cold water. Name what the heat changed.

Preview5m

Solid, liquid and gas

Decide which state lets particles slide while still touching, then check all three.

Why a thermometer stops while ice melts

Energy keeps going in and the reading holds at 0 °C. Say where that energy goes.

Where gas pressure comes from

Push the pump handle in and predict the gauge, then count the hits on the wall.

Why ice floats on water

Almost every solid sinks in its own liquid. Water is the exception, and here is why.

Dissolving is not melting

Sugar disappears in cold water at 25 °C, far below its melting point. Name the process.

How much salt is in seawater

The coastal salt pans in proportion: 35 g of salt for every cubic decimetre of sea.

Saturation and crystallisation

Take the water away and the salt has nowhere to stay dissolved. Crystals appear.

10.

Distillation separates by boiling point

Ethanol boils at 78 °C and water at 100 °C. Predict which vapour leaves first.

11.

Chromatography and the Rf value

A spot stops at 3.6 cm and the solvent reaches 8.0 cm. Predict the Rf value.

12.

One exam question, end to end

Eight marks, four parts, no options: separate sand from salt, then read a melting range.

13.

Quick revision: particles, states and separating mixtures

A one-screen summary plus a spaced-recall flashcard deck, for coming back to before an exam.

2.1-2.7, 8.1-8.5 · Atoms, elements and the periodic table

Protons, neutrons and electrons, then isotopes, then the shell arrangement that decides where an element sits. Ends with metals, non-metals and the border element Bangladesh tests every tube well for.

0/12

What the proton number decides

Predict the outer shell of aluminium, then separate proton number from element.

Preview5m 2.

Counting the neutrons in an atom

Arsenic-75 has 33 protons. Work out the neutrons before the steps show you.

Preview6m

Why chlorine has a mass of 35.5

Isotopes, and the weighted average that no single atom actually has.

How electrons fill the shells

Place all 19 electrons of potassium, then learn the form the mark scheme wants.

The rule behind every arrangement

One short rule turns a proton number into shells, a group and a period.

A shell is a region, not a circle

Decide what a real map of one electron looks like, then keep drawing the diagram.

Reading the group and the period

Magnesium is 2, 8, 2. Deduce its column and its row from that alone.

Preview6m

Why atoms get bigger down a group

Choose the largest of lithium, sodium and potassium, then explain the trend.

How an atom becomes an ion

Sodium loses one electron and ends up with the arrangement of neon.

10.

Metals, non-metals and the border

Place arsenic on the table, then list what each side of it does differently.

11.

One exam question, end to end

Seven marks, five parts, no options: electron arrangement, neutrons, then why isotopes react alike.

12.

Quick revision: atoms, shells and the periodic table

A one-screen summary plus a spaced-recall flashcard deck, for coming back to before an exam.

2.4-2.7 · Bonding: ionic, covalent and metallic

Three ways for an atom to reach a full outer shell, and the structure each one builds. Every physical property in this chapter, melting point, hardness and conduction, is read straight off the structure.

0/13

Why atoms bond at all

Neon never reacts and sodium always does. Find the difference in the outer shell.

Preview5m 2.

Ionic bonding hands an electron over

Decide whether sodium shares its outer electron with chlorine or gives it away.

Preview6m

A salt grain is one giant structure

Predict how many neighbours each ion has, then stop calling NaCl a molecule.

Why ionic solids melt at high temperatures

Guess the melting point of salt, then say what the energy has to pull apart.

When an ionic compound conducts

Solid salt leaves the lamp dark. Dissolve it and predict what changes.

The covalent bond is a shared pair

Two hydrogen atoms, neither willing to give. Predict what they do instead.

Preview5m

What a shared pair actually is

Predict where the shared electrons sit, then find the separation that is stable.

The shapes of simple molecules

Water looks flat on paper. Rotate it and read the real bond angle.

Why simple molecular substances melt easily

Strong bonds inside the molecule, weak forces between them. Melting only feels the weak ones.

10.

Diamond and graphite, both pure carbon

Same atoms, opposite properties. Predict what has to be different.

11.

Why a metal pot bends and salt shatters

Positive ions in a sea of free electrons, and the four properties that follow.

12.

One exam question, end to end

Seven marks, four parts, no options: bonding, ion charge, melting point, then conduction.

13.

Quick revision: ionic, covalent and metallic bonding

A one-screen summary plus a spaced-recall flashcard deck, for coming back to before an exam.

3.1-3.3 · Formulae, equations and the mole

Write a formula, balance an equation, then count in moles. Every calculation in the paper follows one route: mass to moles, the ratio from the equation, then back to mass, volume or concentration.

0/14

Writing the formula of an ionic compound

Predict the formula of aluminium oxide, then learn the rule that makes charges cancel.

Preview6m 2.

Why the balance reading never changes

Weigh a sealed flask before and after a reaction, and predict the second reading.

Preview5m

Balancing an equation

Methane burning, balanced one element at a time, with oxygen left until last.

The mole and molar mass

One mole of urea is 60.0 g. Predict the mass of three, then meet moles = mass ÷ M.

Preview6m

Percentage by mass of an element

Two fertilisers, one question: which bag carries more nitrogen per kilogram?

Finding an empirical formula

Burn 2.4 g of magnesium, weigh the powder, and deduce the formula of the oxide.

The equation is a ratio of amounts

Feed magnesium and oxygen in the 2 : 1 ratio, then read the product amount from the equation.

Which reactant runs out first

2 mol of nitrogen and 5 mol of hydrogen. Predict which one is left over.

Percentage yield

15.0 kg possible and 13.2 kg collected. Find the yield and suggest where the rest went.

10.

How much of the sample is pure?

Open a limestone sample, then use reaction evidence to uncover the calcium carbonate hidden inside.

11.

Concentration in mol per cubic decimetre

Add water and nothing else. Predict what happens to the moles and to the concentration.

12.

One mole of any gas fills 24 dm³

Hold the pressure, pump in more molecules, and predict what the piston does.

13.

One exam question, end to end

Seven marks, three parts, no options: moles of zinc, volume of hydrogen, then the mass of salt.

14.

Quick revision: formulae, equations and the mole

A one-screen summary plus a spaced-recall flashcard deck, for coming back to before an exam.

About the creator

8bitlesson

Cambridge O Level, A Level and university courses, taught through interactive labs.

Mentora builds the sciences and mathematics as things you can move rather than videos you watch. Cambridge O Level and A Level mathematics, physics, chemistry and accounting, a primary mathematics track, and first-year university computer science. Every lesson works a real exam question end to end.